The
shoulder is a very complicated joint in the body both anatomically, and
biomechanically. It is similar to the hip joint in a sense that it is ball and
socket and many muscles cross and connect around the shoulder girdle. The major
difference between the shoulder joint and the hip joint is that the hip joint
is a weight bearing joint whereas the shoulder relies more upon muscles and
ligaments for stability. The other major difference between the two joints is
the socket where the Glenohumeral head rests in the shoulder is much more
shallow than that of the hip socket, which makes it the most mobile joint in
the body. Shoulder injuries are a common problem with your average Joes/Janes,
and especially in "Overhead" athletes (baseball players,
quarterbacks, tennis players, volleyball players, etc.). This joint can be
overused and many problems can occur. However, I am not here to explain the
anatomy of the shoulder, I am here to talk to you about a particular exercise(s)
to avoid to continue good shoulder health.
The
one exercise I have repeatedly seen performed by gym goers and athletes (that
should be avoided at all costs) is the "Bench Dip", or whatever you
want to call it (pictured below). I understand it is supposed to work the
triceps and it is a regression of an actual dip; however, the movement performed during this exercise is detrimental
to shoulder health. I don't agree with using regular dips for some of my athletes,
either; however, I have used other variations of dips with success. Bench Dips
should be on the Gym Exercise Banned List along with: Behind-the-Neck Lat Pull-Downs
and Behind-the- Neck Military Press.
You can
see, in the picture above, how the elbows go behind the body. This causes the Glenohumeral Head to slide
forward and push against the Labrum of the shoulder. When the head is pushed
against the labrum in such a manner, you are going to be susceptible to an
injury, labrum tear, AC joint injury, or shoulder pain. An injury may not happen immediately, but
over time you will most definitely see more risk than reward from repeatedly
performing this type of exercise. Usually,
this exercise is used as a beginner exercise, which is even worse because the
person does not have the motor control, muscular development, or strength at
this point. This exercise should just be avoided all together.
This
exercise is something that should be
avoided by the average gym-goer. More
importantly, "overhead athletes", in particular baseball pitchers,
should avoid it at all cost. If your trainer has you doing these....Run! Remember,
the motion of a throw causes the gleno-head to slide forward in the eccentric
portion of the throw as the ball passes behind the shoulder. Obviously this
needs to happen if you want to be a competitive pitcher; however, exercises
that cause more stress and overuse need to be re-thought before they are just
thrown into a program. There are definitely better exercises to use to help you
get positive results. Train Smart!